oil extraction refining machine in Democratic Republic of Congo

Cobalt Mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

  • oil extraction refining machine in Democratic Republic of Congo
  • oil extraction refining machine in Democratic Republic of Congo
  • oil extraction refining machine in Democratic Republic of Congo
  • oil extraction refining machine in Democratic Republic of Congo

The Imperative of Restructuring, Upgrading and Developing

Cobalt mining and the corporate outsourcing of responsibility

Will the EU help build a cobalt refinery in the Democratic

Enclosed Futures: Oil Extraction in the Republic of Congo

  • Do mining corporations formalize artisanal mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo?
  • In the pursuit of reputational benefits and to guarantee a steady supply of cobalt, mining corporations have spearheaded efforts to formalize the artisanal mining sector in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This article examines the unintended effects of these corporate-led formalization efforts in the cobalt sector.
  • How many oil companies are in the DRC?
  • There are currently three major oil companies conducting extractive operations in the DRC. Anglo-French firm Perenco extracts offshore oil from the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Muanda in Kongo Central. French Oil Company Total and DRC parastatal Sonahydroc conduct exploratory and preliminary extractive operations in the Eastern DRC.
  • How did DRC refinery production increase in 1999?
  • Fig. 2 a shows that DRC refinery production (mostly metal) increased from 2,400 t in 1994 to 5,200 t in 1999 as Gécamines refined cobalt intermediate material stockpiles at existing facilities while prioritizing cobalt (rather than copper) recovery (Shedd, 1998).
  • What happened to DRC cobalt mining?
  • DRC cobalt mining grew at a compound annual rate of 20% from 1995 through 2020. Major disruptions were due to rail damage, nationalization, and economic collapse. DRC cobalt producers have repeatedly reduced output in response to excessive supply. Unlike mining, limited electricity prevented recovery of DRC cobalt refining.

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